Kale, D. and Jackson, S. (2026). Commentary on Lim et al.: Real-world e-cigarette use under prescription-only regulation. Addiction. Available from:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41645432
Therapeutic Goods Administration (2026). Vape enforcement crackdown with major seizure in Burwood NSW. . Available from:
https://www.tga.gov.au/news/media-releases/vape-enforcement-crackdown-major-seizure-burwood-nsw
Australian Border Force (2026). Billion-dollar breach: Australian Border Force remains on the front foot of tobacco targeting. . Available from:
https://www.abf.gov.au/newsroom-subsite/Pages/Billion-dollar-breach-Australian-Border-Force-remains-on-the-front-foot-of-tobacco-targeting.aspx
Therapeutic Goods Administration (2026). TGA seizes illegal vapes in Inverloch Victoria following alleged sales to young people. . Available from:
https://www.tga.gov.au/news/media-releases/tga-seizes-illegal-vapes-inverloch-victoria-following-alleged-sales-young-people
Consumer and Business Services (2025). $1.2 million seized in illicit tobacco operation. . Available from:
https://www.cbs.sa.gov.au/news/$1.2-million-seized-in-illicit-tobacco-operation
The Hon. Tim Nicolls MP and The Hon. Dan Purdie MP (2025). More than 13,000 days of closure orders issued in nation’s biggest illicit tobacco and vapes operation. . Available from:
https://statements.qld.gov.au/statements/104117
Therapeutic Goods Administration (2025). TGA seizes illicit vaping goods worth more than $1 million in significant enforcement operation in Bendigo. . Available from:
https://www.tga.gov.au/news/media-releases/tga-seizes-illicit-vaping-goods-worth-more-1-million-significant-enforcement-operation-bendigo
Australian Border Force (2025). International cooperation uncovers major vape smuggling operation. . Available from:
https://www.abf.gov.au/newsroom-subsite/Pages/International-cooperation-uncovers-major-vape-smuggling-operation.aspx
NSW Police Force, Australian Border Force and NSW Health (2025). Four charged, $2.3m illicit tobacco seized following week of action – Far North Coast. . Available from:
https://www.abf.gov.au/newsroom-subsite/Pages/Four-charged,-$2-3-illicit-tobacco-seized-following-week-of-action-%E2%80%93-Far-North-Coast.aspx
The Hon. Ryan Park MP (2025). Minns Labor Government begins illegal tobacconist shut down. . Available from:
https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/news/Pages/20251105_00.aspx
The Hon. Ryan Park MP (2025). Illegal tobacco stores shut down in Illawarra and Riverina. . Available from:
https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/news/Pages/20251121_01.aspx
THe Hon. Ryan Park MP (2025). New penalty for landlords permitting illicit tobacco and vapes. . Available from:
https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/news/Pages/20251111_00.aspx
The Hon. Tim Nicholls MP (2025). Nation-leading laws strengthened to target rogue tobacco and vape traders. . Available from:
https://statements.qld.gov.au/statements/103979
Australian Border Force (2025). Australian Border Force launches the National Disruption Group to break the business model of the illicit tobacco trade. . Available from:
https://www.abf.gov.au/newsroom-subsite/Pages/Australian-Border-Force-launches-the-National-Disruption-Group-to-break-the-business-model-of-the-illicit-tobacco-trade.aspx
Australian Border Force (2025). Brazen attempts to import illicit tobacco revealed in new ABF data. . Available from:
https://www.abf.gov.au/newsroom-subsite/Pages/Brazen-attempts-to-import-illicit-tobacco-revealed-in-new-ABF-data.aspx
Australian Council on Smoking & Health (2025). Cheap, Addictive, and Everywhere — Outdated WA Tobacco Laws Failing to Stop the Illegal Trade. . Available from:
https://acosh.org/cheap-addictive-and-everywhere-outdated-wa-tobacco-laws-failing-to-stop-the-illegal-trade/
Therapeutic Goods Administration (2025). TGA works with delivery services to remove unlawful vape advertising. . Available from:
https://www.tga.gov.au/news/media-releases/tga-works-delivery-services-remove-unlawful-vape-advertising
Therapeutic Goods Administration (2025). Illegal vapes and cigarettes worth close to $9 million seized in joint operation. . Available from:
https://www.tga.gov.au/news/media-releases/illegal-vapes-and-cigarettes-worth-close-9-million-seized-joint-operation
The Honourable Tim Nicholls MP (2025). Illegal tobacco and vape crackdown continues with new nation-leading laws. . Available from:
https://statements.qld.gov.au/statements/103538
Therapeutic Goods Administration (2025). TGA and Victoria Police working together to target illegal vape sales in Melbourne. . Available from:
https://www.tga.gov.au/news/media-releases/tga-and-victoria-police-working-together-target-illegal-vape-sales-melbourne
Therapeutic Goods Administration and Tasmanian Department of Health (2025). Zero tolerance for illegal vape sales in Tasmania. . Available from:
https://www.tga.gov.au/news/media-releases/zero-tolerance-illegal-vape-sales-tasmania
U.S. Food & Drug Administration (2025). HHS, CBP Seize $86.5 Million Worth of Illegal E-Cigarettes in Largest-Ever Operation. . Available from:
https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/hhs-cbp-seize-865-million-worth-illegal-e-cigarettes-largest-ever-operation
Therapeutic Goods Administration (2025). TGA seizes $40k of illegal vapes from ‘Candy’ shop in Melbourne CBD. , , . Available from:
https://www.tga.gov.au/news/media-releases/tga-seizes-40k-illegal-vapes-candy-shop-melbourne-cbd
The Hon Mark Butler MP (2025). Over 10 million vapes seized and fewer young people taking up vaping. . Available from:
The Hon Ryan Park MP (2025). Suite of tough new illegal tobacco measures unveiled. . Available from:
Valentish, J. (2025). The vape dilemma. ABC News. Available from:
Gartner, C. E. (2025). The evolution of 'light touch' medicines regulation for nicotine vaping products in Australia. Tob Control. Available from:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40555504
Therapeutic Goods Administration (2025). TGA statement on illegal vape sales. . Available from:
https://www.tga.gov.au/news/media-releases/tga-statement-illegal-vape-sales
Jenkins, C., Morgan, J. and Kelso, C. (2025). A short history of e-cigarette policy in Australia. Perspect Public Health, 2, 57-59. Available from:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40364598
The Hon Simone McGurk (2025). Vaping now banned in enclosed WA workplaces. . Available from:
https://www.wa.gov.au/government/media-statements/Cook%20Labor%20Government/Vaping-now-banned-in-enclosed-WA-workplaces-20250508
Belot, H. (2025). Coalition plan to make vapes more widely available ‘exactly what big tobacco wants’, health experts warn. The Guardian. Available from:
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2025/may/02/coalition-vape-tax-retail-stores-sales
Schroth, K. R. J. and Proshansky, E. (2025). How state and local affirmative litigation can rein in illicit flavoured e-cigarettes. Tob Control. Available from:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40246533
The Honourable Tim Nicholls (2025). Record-breaking raids in war on illicit tobacco and dangerous vapes. . Available from:
https://statements.qld.gov.au/statements/102504
Fellows, T. (2025). Vapes a wealth hazard. The Courier Mail. Available from:
Government of South Australia (2025). More police powers and harsher fines against the illicit tobacco and vape trade. . Available from:
https://www.premier.sa.gov.au/media-releases/news-items/more-police-powers-and-harsher-fines-against-the-illicit-tobacco-and-vape-trade
Martin, J. and Jegasothy, E. (2025). Fanning the flame: analysing the emergence, implications, and challenges of Australia's de facto war on Nicotine. Harm Reduct J, 1, 42. Available from:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40122790
Office of the Queensland Parlimentary Counsel (2025). Health Legislation Amendment Bill. . Available from:
https://www.legislation.qld.gov.au/view/whole/html/bill.first/bill-2024-057
Preventive Health SA (2025). Tougher illicit tobacco and e-cigarette laws come into effect in South Australia. . Available from:
https://www.preventivehealth.sa.gov.au/about/news-announcements/tougher-illicit-tobacco-and-e-cigarette-laws-come-into-effect-in-south-australia
The Honourable Tim Nicholls (2025). A Fresh Start for Queensland: New Bill to put clinicians in charge and destroy illegal vapes. . Available from:
https://statements.qld.gov.au/statements/102170
Therapeutic Goods Administration (2025). TGA seizes thousands of illicit vapes, nicotine pouches and therapeutic goods in Western Sydney. . Available from:
https://www.tga.gov.au/news/media-releases/tga-seizes-thousands-illicit-vapes-nicotine-pouches-and-therapeutic-goods-western-sydney
The Hon Mark Butler MP (2024). Vape enforcement crackdown. . Available from:
https://www.health.gov.au/ministers/the-hon-mark-butler-mp/media/vape-enforcement-crackdown
The Hon Mark Butler MP (2024). Vape crackdown: almost $2 million of illegal vapes seized in Perth. . Available from:
https://www.health.gov.au/ministers/the-hon-mark-butler-mp/media/vape-crackdown-almost-2-million-of-illegal-vapes-seized-in-perth
Therapeutic Goods Administration (2024). TGA seizes large amounts of illicit vapes and therapeutic goods across Australia. . Available from:
https://www.tga.gov.au/news/media-releases/tga-seizes-large-amounts-illicit-vapes-and-therapeutic-goods-across-australia
Therapeutic Goods Administration (2024). Sunshine Coast business fined over $37k for alleged unlawful sale of vapes. . Available from:
https://www.tga.gov.au/news/media-releases/sunshine-coast-business-fined-over-37k-alleged-unlawful-sale-vapes