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18.5.4 Toxic chemicals in e-cigarettes and their emissions
Foreword

Relevant news and research: Toxic chemicals in e-cigarettes and their emissions

Ogden, A., Wright, S., Kasaram, S. V., Moutos, S., Wernette, C., Dejeux, M. I. H., Schwartz, B. A., Sayes, C. M. and Nguyen, J. D. (2026). Neurobehavioral Effects of "Dry Hit" Nicotine E-Cigarette Vapor Inhalation in Adolescent Wistar Rats. bioRxiv. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41959423


Mongilio, J. M., Kcomt, L. and Evans-Polce, R. J. (2026). Variation in quantity of puffs per day among U.S. adolescents and young adults using electronic nicotine delivery systems. Drug Alcohol Depend, 113121. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41832857


Fazeli, E., Martinez, B., Son, Y. and Khlystov, A. (2026). Flavoring Compound Chemical Class and Vaping Conditions Determine Toxic Carbonyl Emissions from E-Cigarettes. Chem Res Toxicol. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41649144


Tetteh-Quarshie, S., Mensah, E. N., Booker, D. M. and Henderson, B. J. (2026). Flavorants enhance nicotine vapor self-administration in diet-induced obese female mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 3, 103819. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41719691


Effah, F., Shaikh, S. B., Chalupa, D., Faizan, M. I., Elder, A. and Rahman, I. (2025). High-resistance coils in E-cigarettes increase heavy metals leaching into aerosols to cause oxidants generation in human bronchial epithelial cells at air-liquid interface: A unique non-animal methodological approach on vaping studies. NAM J. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41614208


Lee, J. and Su, W. C. (2026). A New Aerosol Respiratory Deposition Approach: Health Risks of Metals in Aerosols from Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems and Heated Tobacco Products. J Aerosol Sci. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41531470


Lian, B. J. X., Loh, C. Y. X., Tan, J. W. Y. and See, K. C. (2026). Ketamine and etomidate in vaping devices: a case series based on social media reports. Singapore Med J. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41505215


Lin, K., Sun, Y., Raghu, R., Suharu, P., Effah, F. and Rahman, I. (2026). Toxicity and health effects of delta-8, delta-9, and delta-10-tetrahydrocannabinol and unregulated cannabinoids in vaping products. Toxicol Rep, 102202. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41584105


Chwal, J., Filipowska, A., Antonowicz, M., Lisicki, D., Kostka, P. and Doniec, R. (2025). Elemental composition of vaping and smoking aerosols: Influence of liquid type and tank conditions. PLoS One, 12, e0338087. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41364684


El Hourani, M., Talih, S., Salman, R., Karaoghlanian, N., Hanna, E., El Hage, R. and Shihadeh, A. (2026). Rethinking acute nicotine self-administration in inhaled tobacco products: A randomized clinical trial with ENDS in young adults. Drug Alcohol Depend, 112998. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41386038


Page, M. K., Zhang, L. Y., Leigh, N. J., Goniewicz, M. L. and O'Connor, R. J. (2025). Disposable nicotine vaping products now offer adjustable levels of flavour and coolness. Tob Control. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41436177


Unger, J. B., Whaley, R. C., Vassey, J., Feizy, S., Soto, D. W. and Galimov, A. (2025). Triple tank control: disposable vape devices with adjustable nicotine and flavour levels. Tob Control. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41402059


Oh, S. G. and Kim, Y. H. (2025). Aerosol PG/VG mass ratio-based regulatory indicators for electronic cigarette device oversight: Linking heating temperature to harmful carbonyl formation in aerosols. J Hazard Mater, 140578. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/41297268


Kapiamba, K. F., Achterberg, S., Lin, T. C., Whitefield, P. D., Huang, Y. W. and Wang, Y. (2025). Characterizing the Transient Emission of Particles and Gases from a Single Puff of Electronic Cigarette Smoke. Chem Res Toxicol. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39818726


Lee, J., Afshar, M., Su, W. C. and Han, I. (2025). Effect of electronic cigarette atomising power and flavour on aerosol size-segregated metal concentration and inhalation risk. Tob Control. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39814527


Oh, S. G., An, Y. J. and Kim, Y. H. (2025). Assessing the impact of device parameters on electronic cigarette aerosol dynamics: Comprehensive analysis of emission profiles and toxic chemical constituents. Sci Total Environ, 178583. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39855125


Bono, R. S., White, A. M., Imran, R., Maldonado, G. T., Lipato, T., Barnes, A. J. and Cobb, C. O. (2025). Dose by design: How limits on nicotine flux and puff duration affect the abuse liability of electronic nicotine delivery systems. Drug Alcohol Depend, 112508. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39657440


Earlier news and research

For news items and research on this topic earlier than 2025, click here.

Intro
Chapter 2